The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (Arduino IDE) contains a text editor for writing code, a massage area, a text console, a tool bar with buttons for common function and series menus.
To complete the entire project three software is used. Figure 5 shows the Inkscape software which is used to convert an image to its G-code. Inkscape extensions work in standard Unix IO model, taking SVG on standards input, and output transformed SVG on standard output. G-code tools is an open source Inkscape extension, to export G-code for use with the CNC machine, written in the Python programming language. G-code formats are generated by integrating Inkscape with necessary extension files.
The use of Inkscape is to convert any image into graphics code usually known as G-code. Schematic circuit diagram of 2D CNC plotter as shown in figure 3. On this, it will put the paper piece to print the text or image that we programmed. Now it will have to attach a hard surface on Y axis.įigure 2: Block Diagram of 2D CNC Plotter Pen must be able to move up and down with the aid of servo motor. On that surface the servo motor (Z axis) will be attached to the pen base. Ensure to put the Y axis straight to 2D plotter base and the X axis vertically in this. The X axis is attached to two plastic parts and it was cut it to fit the construction. Drawing will be done on the X-Y plane where the positioning will be controlled by stepper motors. A servo motor will be used along the Z axis for positioning the pen which will go up for logic 0 and down for logic 1. The machine will have three motors to implement X, Y and Z axis. Our idea is an Arduino based on Arduino Uno and L293D motor driver. In this paper, we are going to present a simple design for 2D plotter. Then the code is transferred to the microcontroller by which the motor mechanism is instructed to draw image. The image file is transformed into a G-code via software. The coordinates are uploaded to the machine controller by a separate program. Two bi-directional motors are used in which one motor is used for X axis and another for Y axis.įigure 1. Above the base mechanism to move the plotter in X and Y direction and ahead which carries the pen is assembled on the base. The setup has base to enclose the circuitry. The pen is gripped by servo motor for upward and downward movement.
The pen can move up and down in the Z axis and the pen is free to move along 2D plane (X-Y axis). The 3D model of the general 2D plotter is shown in figure 1. The idea was conceived and the 3D model of the low-cost pen plotter was modelled using commercially available CAD software. Meanwhile, low cost and easily controlled function of the Arduino system contributed on simplifying the building circuity of microcontroller in the 2D potter. G-code is a function to tell the machine to move to various point at the desired speed, control the spindle speed and turn on and off at various positions. The coding for the CNC system which is G-code programming. A CNC plotter machine is a 3D controlled 2D plotting machine which uses a pen to draw text or image on any given solid surface.
In computer numeric control Arduino Uno microcontroller and L293D motor driver is used which is capable of processing logical instruction interfaces with computer. The 2D plotter is designed to recording and plotting two dimensional data on a rectangular coordinate system. This 2D plots CNC machine can be replaced by higher specific laser sources which can be used for cutting of different materials of different strength in 3D plots. Plotters are generally use to make 2D plots which is digitally controlled. Low-cost robots serve a lot of purpose in education.
Computers, softer and the interface which is available between the hardware and software has taken education a step ahead of the old days were visualization, verification was so very difficult. However the cost associated with the advanced technologies is very high. The use of technology in education has become indispensable.
The idea behind the project is how to make 2D plotter CNC machine faster and relatively lower cost than others. The fabrication of low cost CNC machine is used to reduce cost and complexity of machine. In this era the technology based on CNC machine increases. Satna, M.P., India Longowal, Punjab, India.Ībstract- This paper represents an Arduino Uno and Motor driver ICs based automatic technique for implementation of any text or image to its 2D plotted text or image by 2D plotter CNC machine. of EIE, SLIET Longowal, Punjab, India Longowal, Punjab, India Design and Implementation of low-cost 2D plotter Computer Numeric Control (CNC) Machine